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Discussion Thread 15.1A Week Fifteen (4/13-4/19) Global Issues Part Two: ( Due: April 19, 2020).
- Browse the official Website above for the World Health Organization (WHO), identify its Purpose, and list FOUR of its unifying principles found in its Constitution, and identify the TWO most important global health issues it is focused on today.
- A Case Study: Top 10 Causes of Death Within the World Health Organization (WTO)
- The World Health Organization (WHO) is an IGO organization of 194 member states, based in Geneva, Switzerland, that shares a commitment to achieve better health for everyone, everywhere. Its member states are committed to nine unifying principles set out in the Preamble to its Constitution, adopted on April 7, 1948. The first of these key principles provides a common definition of what is meant by the term global health: “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” This statement defines health in the broadest terms possible by incorporating not only physical and mental threats to one’s health, but also incorporating social well-being as a component of health. The second key principle establishes the enjoyment of health as a fundamental right of all citizens: “The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition.”
- The next six key principles are intended to obligate the organization’s member states to work together to improve general health standards and conditions globally, through cooperation, coordination, education, and development. The ninth and final key principle places the responsibility for adequate citizens’ health squarely on the shoulders of the member governments: “ Governments have a responsibility for the health of their peoples which can be fulfilled only by the provision of adequate health and social measures.” All nine constitutional principles are summarized at this web link: https://www.who.int/about/who-we-are/constitution . An essential capability required by the organization is the ability to collect and analyze accurate data on health threats within each member state that contribute to death. WHO staff members assist national governments in collecting data on the major causes of death among their citizens. As the WHO states: “Measuring how many people die each year and why they died is one of the most important means – along with gauging how diseases and injuries are affecting people – for assessing the effectiveness of a country’s health system. Cause-of-death statistics help health authorities determine the focus of their public health actions. A country in which deaths from heart disease and diabetes rise rapidly over a period of a few years, for example, has a strong interest in starting a vigorous programme to encourage lifestyles to help prevent these illnesses. Similarly, if a country recognizes that many children are dying of pneumonia, but only a small portion of the budget is dedicated to providing effective treatment, it can increase spending in this area. High-income countries have systems in place for collecting information on causes of death. Many low- and middle-income countries do not have such systems, and the numbers of deaths from specific causes have to be estimated from incomplete data. Improvements in producing high quality cause-of-death data are crucial for improving health and reducing preventable deaths in these countries.” (WHO 2018) In this Case Study students are to study the data presented in the WHO Fact Sheet entitled “The Top 10 Causes of Death,” May 24, 2018, found in Discussion Forum 15.1 at the link above.
- Then answer the online discussion questions found in Discussion Forum 15.1.
Q & A
Discussion Thread 15.1A: The Top 10 Causes of Death within the World Health Organization (WHO). (Due: April 19, 2020).
The Top 10 Causes of Death within the World Health Organization (WHO)
Students are to study the data presented in the WHO Fact Sheet entitled “The Top 10 Causes of Death,” May 22, 2018, below. Students should take notes on global trends in the following diseases: communicable diseases globally, noncommunicable diseases globally, causes of death in middle and low income countries. Students should then return to the DF 15.1 page to answer the discussion questions below.
Link to the WTO Fact Sheet: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death
Students are to study the WTO Fact Sheet provided, then answer the following questions by replying to this thread below:
What significant trends or progress do you see in the communicable diseases globally between 2000 and 2016?
What significant trends or progress do you see in the noncommunicable diseases globally between 2000 and 2016?
What significant trends or progress do you see in the communicable diseases within middle income countries between 2000 and 2016?
What significant trends or progress do you see in the noncommunicable diseases within middle income countries between 2000 and 2016?
What significant trends or progress do you see in the communicable diseases within low income countries between 2000 and 2016?
What significant trends or progress do you see in the noncommunicable diseases within low income countries between 2000 and 2016?
If you could influence the health priorities of some national governments, what health policy recommendations would you make to government leaders today, based upon what you have learned?
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